Agoosto 24, Japan waxay furtay qulqulka biyaha wasakhda ah ee ay wasakheeyeen shilkii Nukliyeerka ee Fukushima oo galay Badweynta Baasifigga. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, iyadoo lagu saleynayo xogta dadweynaha ee TEPCO bishii Juun 2023, wasakhda loo diyaariyey in la daadiyo inta badan waxay ka kooban tahay: hawsha H-3 waxay ku saabsan tahay 1.4 x10⁵Bq / L; dhaqdhaqaaqa C-14 waa 14 Bq / L; I-129 waa 2 Bq / L; dhaqdhaqaaqa Co-60, Sr-90, Y-90, Tc-99, Sb-125, Te-125m iyo Cs-137 waa 0.1-1 Bq / L. Marka la eego, waxaan diiradda ma aha oo kaliya on tritium biyaha wasakhda nuclear, laakiin sidoo kale on khataraha iman kara radionuclides kale. TepCO kaliya waxay shaaca ka qaaday wadarta guud ee α iyo wadarta β xogta dhaqdhaqaaqa shucaaca ee biyaha wasakhaysan, mana aysan shaacin xogta uruurinta sunta aadka u sunta ah ee ultra-uranium nuclides sida Np-237, Pu-239, Pu-240, Am-240, Am-241, Am-243 iyo Cm-242, taas oo sidoo kale ah mid ka mid ah khatarta ka imanaysa biyaha nukliyeerka.
Wasakhowga shucaaca deegaanku waa wasakh qarsoon, marka la soo saaro waxay saameyn xun ku yeelan doontaa dadka deggan agagaarka. Intaa waxaa dheer, haddii warbaahinta bayoolojiga ama gudbinta ee agagaarka isha shucaaca ay wasakhayso radionuclide, waxa lagu kala qaadi karaa heer hoose ilaa heer sare iyada oo loo marayo silsiladda cuntada oo si joogto ah loo kobciyo habka gudbinta. Marka ay wasakhahaas shucaaca ahi ay jidhka bini’aadamka ka soo galaan cuntada, waxa ay ku ururaan jidhka bini’aadamka, taas oo saamayn ku yeelan karta caafimaadka bini’aadamka.
Si loo yareeyo ama looga fogaado waxyeelada soo-gaadhista shucaaca ee dadweynaha loona ilaaliyo caafimaadka dadweynaha ilaa xadka ugu badan, "Heerarka Badbaadada Aasaasiga ah ee Caalamiga ah ee Ilaalinta Shucaaca iyo Badbaadada Isha Shucaaca" waxay qeexaysaa in mas'uuliyiinta awoodda u leh ay dejiyaan heerka tixraaca ee radionuclides ee cuntada.
Shiinaha, heerar ku habboon ayaa loo sameeyay si loo ogaado dhowr radionuclids caadiga ah. Heerarka lagu ogaanayo walxaha shucaaca ee cuntada ku jira waxaa ka mid ah GB 14883.1 ~ 10- -2016 "Heerka Qaranka ee Badbaadada Cuntada: Go'aaminta walxaha shucaaca ee Cuntada" iyo GB 8538- -
2022 "Heerka Qaranka ee Badbaadada Cunnada Cabitaanka Biyaha Macdanta Dabiiciga ah", GB / T 5750.13- -2006 "Tusmada shucaaca ee Hababka Kormeerka Heerka Biyaha ee Biyaha", SN / T 4889- -2017 "Go'aaminta γ Radionuclide ee Dhoofinta Cunto Cusbo Sare leh", WS-40 Walxaha ku jira Cuntada-241", iwm
Hababka ogaanshaha radionuclide iyo qalabka cabbiraadda ee cuntada ee caadiga ah ee heerarka waa sida soo socota:
| Falanqee mashruuca | qalabka gorfaynta | Qalab kale oo gaar ah | heerka |
| α, β dhaqdhaqaaqa guud | asalka hooseeya α, β counter | GB / T5750.13- -2006 Tilmaanta shucaaca ee Hababka Imtixaanka caadiga ah ee Biyaha Guriga iyo Cabitaanka | |
| tritium | Miisaanka dareeraha ah ee gadaasha hoose | Organotritium-kaarboon diyaarinta muunada; Aaladda ururinta xoogga-saaridda ee Triitium ee biyaha; | GB14883.2-2016 Go'aaminta Walaxda Radioactive Hydrogen-3 ee Cuntada, Heerka Qaranka ee Badbaadada Cuntada |
| Strontium-89 iyo strontium-90 | asalka hooseeya α, β counter | GB14883.3-2016 Go'aaminta Strr-89 iyo Strr-90 ee Heerka Qaranka ee Badbaadada Cuntada | |
| Adventitia-147 | asalka hooseeya α, β counter | GB14883.4-2016 Go'aaminta Walxaha Shucaaca ee Cuntada-147, Heerka Qaranka ee Badbaadada Cuntada | |
| Polonium-210 | spectrometer | Dheecaan koronto | GB 14883.5-2016 Go'aaminta Polonium-210 ee Heerka Qaranka ee Badbaadada Cuntada |
| Rum-226 iyo radium-228 | Falanqeeyaha Radon Thorium | GB 14883.6-2016 Heerarka Badbaadada Cuntada Qaranka | |
| thorium dabiiciga ah iyo uranium | Spectrophotometer, raad raac falanqeeye uranium | GB 14883.7-2016 Go'aaminta Thorium-da Dabiiciga ah iyo Uranium sida Walxaha Shucaaca ee Heerka Qaranka ee Badbaadada Cuntada | |
| Plutonium-239, plutonium-24 | spectrometer | Dheecaan koronto | GB 14883.8-2016 Go'aaminta plutonium-239 iyo plutonium-240 walxaha shucaaca ee Heerka Qaranka ee Badbaadada Cuntada |
| Iodine-131 | Nadiifinta sare ee germanium γ spectrometer | GB 14883.9-2016 Go'aaminta Iodine-131 ee Cuntada, Heerka Qaranka ee Badbaadada Cuntada |
talada alaabta
qalabka lagu cabbiro
Dabaqa hoose αβ counter
Sumadda: mashiinka kernel
Nambarka nooca: RJ 41-4F
Muuqaalka badeecada:
Nooca socodka asalka hoose ee α, β qiyaasta aaladda waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa shaybaarada deegaanka, ilaalinta shucaaca, daawada iyo caafimaadka, sayniska beeraha, soo dejinta iyo dhoofinta badeecooyinka, sahaminta juquraafi, warshad tamarta nukliyeerka iyo meelaha kale ee biyaha, shaybaarka noolaha, aerosol, cuntada, daawada, ciidda, dhagaxa iyo warbaahinta kale wadarta guud ee α cabbirka β.
Gaashaanka sunta rasaasta ee qolka cabbirka ayaa hubinaya asalka aad u hooseeya, wax ku oolnimada ogaanshaha sare ee muunadaha firfircoonida shucaaca ee hooseeya, iyo 2,4,6,8,10 kanaal waa la habeyn karaa.
germanium daahir sare leh γ spectrometer tamarta
Sumadda: mashiinka kernel
Nambarka nooca: RJ 46
Muuqaalka badeecada:
RJ 46 dhijitaal sare oo nadiif ah germanium spectrometer hoose oo hooseeya inta badan waxaa ku jira germanium daahirnimo sare cusub spectrometer hoose. spectrometer-ku wuxuu isticmaalaa habka akhrinta dhacdada qayb si uu u helo tamarta (cabirka) iyo macluumaadka wakhtiga ee calaamada wax soo saarka ee HPGe oo u kaydiyo.
spectrometer
Sumadda: mashiinka kernel
Nambarka nooca: RJ 49
Muuqaalka badeecada:
Tignoolajiyada cabbiraadda tamarta Alfa tamarta iyo aaladaha ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalay qiimeynta deegaanka iyo caafimaadka (sida cabbirka hawada hawada sare ee thorium, kormeerka cuntada, caafimaadka aadanaha, iwm.), sahaminta kheyraadka (uranium ore, saliid, gaaska dabiiciga, iwm.) iyo sahaminta qaab dhismeedka juqraafiga (sida kheyraadka dhulka hoostiisa, hoos u dhaca juqraafiga) iyo dhinacyo kale.
RJ 494-channel Alpha spectrometer waa qalab semiconductor PIPS si madax banaan u horumariyo by Shanghai Renji Instrument Co., Ltd. spectrometer waxay leedahay afar channels α, mid kasta oo ka mid ah kuwaas oo la qiyaasi karaa isku mar, taas oo si weyn u gaabin kartaa wakhtiga kharashka tijaabada iyo si degdeg ah u hesho natiijada tijaabada.
Miisaanka dareeraha ah ee gadaasha hoose
Sumadda:HIDEX
Nambarka nooca: 300SL-L
Muuqaalka badeecada:
Miisaanka dareeraha ah waa nooc ka mid ah aaladaha xasaasiga ah ee inta badan loo isticmaalo cabbirka saxda ah ee shucaaca α iyo β nuclides ee warbaahinta dareeraha ah, sida tritium radioactive, carbon-14, iodine-129, strontium-90, ruthenium-106 iyo nuclides kale.
Falanqeeyaha radium biyaha
Sumadda: PYLON
Tusaalaha: AB7
Muuqaalka badeecada:
Kormeeraha shucaaca la qaadan karo ee Pylon AB7 waa jiilka xiga ee aaladaha heerka shaybaadhka ee bixiya cabbir degdeg ah oo sax ah ee waxa ku jira radon.
Qalab kale oo gaar ah
Triitium fiirsashada qalabka ururinta biyaha
Brand: Yi Xing
Nambarka nooca: ECTW-1
Muuqaalka badeecada:
Isku-darka tritium ee biyaha badda waa mid aad u hooseeya, xitaa qalabka ugu fiican ee lagu ogaan karo lama qiyaasi karo, sidaas darteed, shaybaarrada leh asalka hooseeya waxay u baahan yihiin in ay noqdaan kuwo horay loo sii daayay, taas oo ah, habka fiirsashada korantada.Ururiyaha ECTW-1 tritium electrolytic ee ay soo saarto shirkadeena waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa fiirsashada korantada ee tritium ee biyaha heerka hoose, kaas oo xooga saari kara shaybaarada tritium ee ka hooseeya xadka ogaanshaha ee miiska dareeraha dareeraha ah ilaa si sax ah loo cabbiro.
Organotritium-kaarboon diyaarinta muunada
Brand: Yi Xing
Nambarka nooca: OTCS11/3
Muuqaalka badeecada:
OTCS11 / 3 Organic tritium kaarboon muunad qalab isticmaalaa mabda'a ee muunado organic hoos guban oxidation heerkulka sare ee heerkulka sare ee deegaanka aerobic si ay u abuuraan biyo iyo carbon dioxide, si ay u ogaadaan wax soo saarka ee tritium iyo carbon-14 ee shaybaarka noolaha, ku haboon daaweynta xiga, counter scintillation dareere ah si loo cabbiro dhaqdhaqaaqa tritium iyo carbon-14.
Dheecaan koronto
Brand: Yi Xing
Nambarka nooca: RWD-02
Muuqaalka badeecada:
RWD-02 waa spectrometer α oo ay samaysay Shanghai Yixing Electromechanical Equipment Co., Ltd. oo ku salaysan sanadaha khibrada daaweynta ka hor. Waxaa loogu talagalay diyaarinta muunado falanqaynta tamarta α, waxayna ku habboon tahay daawada nukliyeerka iyo cilmi-baarista radioisotope iyo goobta codsiga.
spectrometer α waa mid ka mid ah qalabka lagama maarmaanka u ah shaybaarka falanqaynta shucaaca waxayna baari kartaa nuclides leh suuska α. Haddii ay muhiim tahay in la helo natiijooyin gorfayn sax ah, tallaabo aad muhiim u ah waa in la sameeyo muunado. RWD-02 electrodeposition er waa sahlan tahay in la shaqeeyo, taas oo si weyn u fududaysa habka muunad samaynta, samaynta laba muunado hal mar iyo hagaajinta waxtarka diyaarinta muunada.
Waqtiga boostada: Oct-31-2023